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Acre () is a state located in the northern region of Brazil. Located in the westernmost part of the country with a two hours time difference from Brasília, Acre is bordered clockwise by Amazonas to the north and northeast, Rondônia to the east, the Bolivian department of Pando to the southeast, and the Peruvian regions of Madre de Dios, Ucayali and Loreto to the south and west. It occupies an area of 152,581.4 km2, being slightly smaller than Tunisia. Its capital and largest city is Rio Branco. Other important places include Cruzeiro do Sul, Sena Madureira, Tarauacá and Feijó. The intense extractive activity, which reached its height in the 20th century, attracted Brazilians from many regions to the state. From the mixture of sulista, paulista, nordestino, and indigenous traditions arose a diverse cuisine, which unites sun-dried meat (carne-de-sol) with pirarucu, a typical fish of the region. Such dishes are seasoned with tucupi, a sauce made from manioc. Fluvial transport, concentrated on the Juruá and Moa rivers, in the western part of the state, and the Tarauacá and Envira Rivers in the northwest, is the principal form of circulation, especially between November and June, when the rain leaves the BR-364 impassable, which connects Rio Branco to Cruzeiro do Sul. ==Etymology== The name, which passed from the river to the territory in 1904, and to the state in 1962, perhaps originates from the Tupi word ''a'kir ü'' "green river" or from the form ''a'kir'', of the tupi word ''ker'', "to sleep, to rest"; but it is almost certain to be a deformation of ''Aquiri'', the spelling which explorers of the region utilized to express ''Umákürü'', or ''Uakiry'', a term from the Ipurinã dialect. There is also a hypothesis that Acquiri derives from ''Yasi'ri'', or ''Ysi'ri'', meaning "flowing or swift water". On the voyage which he made on the Purús River in 1878, the colonizer, João Gabriel de Carvalho Melo, wrote from there to the merchant, Viscount of Santo Elias (from Pará), asking him for goods to be sent to the "mouth of the Aquiri River". Since in Belém the proprietor of the commercial establishment and the employees were not able to understand João Gabriel's handwriting, or because he had hastily written ''Acri'' or ''Aqri'', instead of ''Aquiri'', the goods and the invoice arrived to the colonizer as having been sent to the Acre River. Acre possesses some nicknames: the End of Brazil, The Rubber Tree State, the Latex State and the Western End. The native inhabitants of Acre are called ''acrianos'', in the singular ''acriano''. Until the entry in force of the Orthographic Agreement of 1990, the correct spelling was ''acreano'' in the singular and in the plural ''acreanos''. In 2009, with the new orthographic agreement, the change generated controversy between the Academy of Letters of Acre (Academia Acreana de Letras) and the Brazilian Academy of Letters (Academia Brasileira de Letras), alleging that the change would mean the denial of the state's historical and cultural roots, changing the last letter of the toponym from "E" to "I". 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Acre (state)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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